Site Investigation for Shaft Sinking Projects Requiring Artificial Ground Freezing
Info required for the successful design and construction of shafts.
Artificial Ground Freezing on a Large Scale
Past mine projects using an innovative Ground Freezing approach.
Artificial Ground Freezing vs Grouting
Identifies factors which make AGF more cost-effective vs grouting.
The Importance of Artificial Ground Freezing (AGF) for Shaft sinking and tunneling
Video detailing Ground Freezing’s history, components, and use cases.
Ground Freezing for Two Frozen Shafts at the Bergen Point Outfall Tunnel
Ground freezing provided earth support and groundwater control.
Ground Freezing on a Large Scale and its Historical Importance in Deep Mine Development
Past mine projects worldwide where ground freezing was essential.
Design of ground freezing for cross passages and tunnel adits
Design procedures related to frost action.
Factor of safety in ground freezing design
Procedure and reports on key recent projects.
New Design Method for Frozen Earth Shaft Support
3D models have made traditional methods relatively obsolete.
The Use of Liquid Nitrogen Systems Converted to Brine
Discussion of problems related to this method.
Design of frozen Earth structure for cross passage excavation
Ground freezing advantages over other ground improvement methods.
Ground Freezing for Tunnel Shafts and Adits
Earth support & groundwater control for DC Water's Clean River Project
A successful case of water cut-off by ground freezing
Field and lab testing and engineering analysis required for freezing.
Grouting for Freezing
Field procedures used to locate unfrozen zones and more.
Forensics by Freezing
Case histories where ground freezing was used as a remedial technique.
Coupled Heat Transfer and Groundwater Flow Models for Ground Freezing
Discusses application of models and compares them to field results.
Ground Freezing for Tunnel Cross Passages
Freezing between two tunnels allows mining through water-tight ground.
TBM Repair Using Liquid Nitrogen
Tunnel mining operations under The Fraser River in Vancouver.